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1.
Brick, tile, fired shapes and fused cast shapes are
a) shaped refractory

b) unshaped refractory

c) refractory fiber

d) all above
2.
Forms (types) of refractory
a) Shaped

b) Unshaped

c) Refractory (ceramic) fibers

d) All above
3.
Fused silica aggregate is used as a raw material in a castable providing
a) Low thermal conductivity

b) Low thermal expansion

c) Low thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion

d) None of the above
4.
Materials having refractory properties which form a refractory body when bonded into a conglomerate mass by a matrix is called
a) Cementitious concrete

b) Refractory mass

c) Refractory aggregate

d) None of the above
5.
For fire clay and some high alumina materials, the most commonly used index of refractoriness is known as:
a) Refractoriness

b) Pyrometric cone equivalent

c) Refractoriness under load

d) None of the above
6.
In ceramics, the property of resistance to melting, softening, or deformation at high temperature is called.
a) Refractoriness

b) Pyrometric cone equivalent

c) Cold crushing strength

d) None of the above
7.
Refractories chemically and physically stable at
a) Low temperatures

b) Average temperatures

c) High temperatures

d) None of the above
8.
Refractories means
a) Hard to fuse

b) Hard to test

c) Hart to set

d) None of the above
9.
The functions of refractories include resistance to other destructive influences such as abrasion, pressure, chemical attack, and or rapid changes in temperature is called.
a) Primary function

b) Secondary function

c) Tertiary function

d) None of the above
10.
Which function of refractories is to resist temperature?
a) Primary function

b) Secondary function

c) Tertiary function

d) None of the above
11.
Castable, gunning mixes, ramming mixes, plastics, and mortars are
a) Shaped refractory

b) Unshaped refractory

c) Refractory fiber

d) All of the above
12.
Blanket, Module, Bulk paper, rope, and vacuum formed shaped are:
a) Shaped refractory

b) Unshaped refractory

c) Refractory fibers

d) All of the above
13.
Based on-screen analysis, the size of Alumina – silicate aggregate in typical modern castable is
a) 50 – 60%

b) 60 – 70%

c) 70 – 8-%

d) None of the above
14.
Based on screen analysis the fines (cement, fumed silica, fine alumina) in typical modern castable is
a) 40 – 50%

b) 30 – 40%

c) 20 – 30%

d) None of the above
15.
The most commonly used binder for refractory concrete is
a) calcium aluminate cement

b) cements

c) silicates

d) all of the above
16.
A combination of refractory grain and suitable bonding agent that, after the addition of a proper liquid, is generally poured into place to form a refractory shape or structure which becomes rigid because of chemical action is called
a) mortar

b) castable

c) ceramic modules

d) all of the above
17.
Compositions of ground refractory materials develop a strong bond at air ambient temperatures by virtue of chemical reactions within the binder phase that is usually activated by water additions. These refractories include cement and phosphate bonded castables is called:
a) Air setting refractories

b) Heat setting refractories

c) Air and heat setting refractory

d) None of the above
18.
Compositions of ground refractory materials which require relatively high temperatures for the development of an adequate bond (commonly called the ceramic bond) is called
a) air setting refractories

b) heat setting refractories

c) air and heat setting refractories

d) none of the above
19.
Alumina – silica refractories containing 45% or more alumina, materials used in their production include diaspore, bauxite, gibbsite, kyanite, sillimanite, alusite, and fused alumina (artificial corundum) is called
a) fire clay refractory

b) insulating refractories

c) high alumina refractories

d) all of the above
20.
A high alumina mineral usually consists of rounded concretionary grains embedded in clay-like mass and is believed to consist essentially of alumina trihydrate (Al₂O₃H₂O) and alumina hydrate (Al₂O₃H₂O) in varying proportions is called
a) kyanite

b) bauxite

c) fused alumina

d) alusite
21.
Commercially on calcined basis bauxite must contain at least
a) 65% fused silica

b) 60% alumina

c) 65% alumina

d) None of the above
22.
A natural or synthetic mineral theoretically consisting solely of alumina (Al₂O₃), specific gravity 4.00 – 4.02, melting point 3720˚ F. (2050˚ C) Hardness 8.8 is called
a) Corundum

b) Kaolin

c) Mica

d) None of the above
23.
The selected compression test section of the specimen for the CCs test shall be free from
a) cCracks

b) Chipped surfaces

c) Other obvious defects

d) All of the above
24.
The test specimen of castable refractory for cold crushing strength shall be
a) 2 in. (51mm) cubes

b) Cylinders, 2 in. (51mm)in dia. by 2 in.(51 mm) height

c) a or b

d) none of the above
25.
In API RP 936, the referenced ASTM standard procedure for cold crushing strength and modulus of rupture is
a) C 133 – 97

b) C704 – 01

c) C181 – 91

d) None of the above
26.
Refractories whose major constituent is lime, magnesia, or both and which may react chemically with acid refractories, acid slags, or acid fluxes at a high temperature is known as
a) Acid refractories

b) Basic refractories

c) Natural refractories

d) None f the above
27.
Refractories containing a substantial amount of silica which is reactive with basic refractories, basic slags, or basic fluxes at high temperatures are known as
a) Acid refractories

b) Basic refractories

c) Natural refecatories

d) None of the above
28.
Cristobalite is an important constituent of
a) Alumina bricks

b) Silica brick

c) Magnesia brick

d) Insulating brick
29.
A group of impure magnesium silicate minerals that occur in a fiberous form is known as
a) Asbestos

b) Mineral fibre

c) Fused silica

d) None of the above
30.
A group of rock minerals having nearly perfect cleavage in one direction and consisting of thin elastic plates and the most common varieties are muscovite and biotite is called
a) Corundum

b) Kaolin

c) Mica

d) None of the above
31.
The air pressure to blast the 1000 g of size graded silicon carbide grain for abrasion resistance test should be
a) 448 KPa (65 PSi)

b) 450 KPa

c) 400 KPa

d) None of the above
32.
Mechanical wearing away of the surfaces of refractory bodies in service by washing action of moving liquid or gases is called
a) Erosion of refractories

b) Spalling of refractories

c) Crumble of refractories

d) None of the above
33.
A separation between adjoining parts of a refractory lining that allows small expansive movements, such as those caused by thermal change is known as
a) Thermal expansion

b) Expansion joint

c) Thermal conductivity

d) None of the above
34.
The standard test method for abrasion resistance of refractory materials at room temperature is
a) C 181 – 91

b) C 704 – 01

c) C 133 – 97

d) None of the above
35.
As per ASTM C- 704, for the erosion tests, silicon carbide grit is to be used by
a) One time

b) Two time

c) Three-time

d) None of the above
36.
To compose a sample for the modulus of rupture test from an equivalent number of refractory shapes, the specimen should be
a) At least two

b) At least three

c) At least four

d) At least five
37.
Modulus of rupture test for castable refractories, the test specimen shall be
a) 9 x 2 x 2 in (228 x 51 x 51mm)

b) 8 x 2 x 2 in

c) 6 x 2 x 2 in

d) None of the above
38.
For modules of rupture test of brick and shapes, the preferred test specimen shall be standard
a) 228 x 114 x 64 or 76mm

b) 150 x 114 x 76mm

c) 200 x 150 x 76mm

d) None of the above
39.
To compose a sample for the CCS test from an equivalent number of refractory shapes the specimen should be
a) At least five

b) At least three

c) At least four

d) None of the above
40.
All the samples for the CCs test must be dried at 220 to 230˚C (105 to 110˚C) for
a) 12 hrs (overnight)

b) 18 hrs (overnight)

c) 20 hrs (overnight)

d) 24 hrs (overnight)
41.
The property of matter by virtue of which heat energy is transmitted through particles in contact.
a) Thermal expansion

b) Thermal conductivity

c) Thermal shock

d) None of the above
42.
The increase in linear dimensions and volume which occurs when materials are heated and which is counterbalanced by contraction of equal amounts when the materials are cooled.
a) Thermal expansion

b) Thermal conductivity

c) Thermal shock

d) None of the above
43.
The exposure of a material or body to a rapid change in temperature which may have a deleterious effect
a) Thermal expansion

b) Thermal conductivity

c) Thermal shock

d) None of the above
44.
Refractory failure mechanisms are.
a) Erosion and corrosion

b) Thermal shock and mechanical abuse

c) Overheating and chemical attack

d) All of the above
45.
An internal component used for the separation of solids from flue or product gas in a fluid coking unit is called
a) A cyclone

b) Plenum

c) Riser of FCU

d) None of the above
46.
Enclosure inside the top head of a reactor or regenerator vessel which supports the cyclones and in which gases exiting the cyclone outlets are collected is called
a) Cyclone of FCCU

b) Plenum of FCCU

c) Riser of FCCU

d) None of the above
47.
Section of transfer line in which flow is in an upward direction is called
a) Cyclone of FCCU

b) Plenum of FCCU

c) Riser of FCCU

d) None of the above
48.
A metallic anchor made from rod or bar stock that is configured in a V-shape is called
a) V-anchor

b) Footed anchor

c) Stud wed

d) None of the above
49.
The color of stripe for Inconel 600 alloy material of metallic anchor is
a) 1 solid black

b) 2 solid black

c) 2 solid blue

d) None of the above
50.
A metallic anchor, usually V-stud which has a foot-shaped configuration at the base to aid weld attachment to the shell is called.
a) V-anchor

b) Footed anchor

c) Stud weld

d) None of the above
51.
The vessel in which cracking reaction occurs or is completed and product gases are separated from coke and/or catalyst particulate is called
a) Reactor of FCCU

b) Regenerator of FCCU

c) Cyclones of FCCU

d) None of the above
52.
The color of stripe for 304L alloy material of metallic anchor is
a) 1 solid black

b) 2 solid black

c) 1 solid grey

d) None of the above
53.
The welding method utilizing an arc-welding machine in conjunction with a timer and a gun is called
a) V-anchor

b) Footed anchor

c) Stud weld

d) None of the above
54.
1 solid black is the color of the stripe for the alloy material
a) 304

b) 304L

c) 310

d) None of the above
55.
Colour coding does not require for anchor alloy of
a) Carbon steel

b) SS304

c) SS310

d) None of the above
56.
The most common sizes in thickness for hex mesh are
a) ¾ in or 1” (19mm or 25mm)

b) (20 – 25mm)

c) (10 – 20mm)

d) None of the above
57.
A typical example of hexalt anchor is
a) S-bar

b) Hexcel

c) Curl and Tacko anchors

d) All of the above
58.
Hex mesh supplied in flexible rolls and ready fit to a curved surfaces is called
a) Flexmesh

b) Hexalt anchor

c) Hexcel

d) All of the above
59.
A metallic anchor used to attach ceramic anchors to the casing or shall of a processing unit is
a) Claw anchor

b) C-clip

c) U – anchor

d) None of the above
60.
Metallic anchor made from rod or bar and usually used for dual layer linings that are configured in
a) Y shape

b) V shape

c) U shape

d) All of the above
61.
The vessel in which coke and residual hydrocarbons are burned off the catalyst and the flue gas is then separated from the catalyst is called
a) Reactor of FCCU

b) Regenerator of FCCU

c) Cyclones of FCCU

d) None of the above
62.
Section of transfer line in which flow is in a downward direction is called
a) Transfer line of FCCU

b) Riser of FCCU

c) Standpipe of FCCU

d) None of the above
63.
Refractory lined pipe used for the transport of hot particulate medium and gases between process vessels is called
a) Transfer line of FCCU

b) Standpipe of FCCU

c) Fractionator of FCCU

d) None of the above
64.
The vessel downstream of the reactor used to separate different product fractions is called
a) Standpipe of FCCU

b) Transfer line of FCCU

c) Fractionator of FCCU

d) None of the above
65.
As per API recommended practice 936, the standard test method for reheat change of refractory brick is
a) C113 – 02

b) C 133 – 97

c) C 181 – 91

d) None of the above
66.
API 936, the standard test method for the workability index of fire clay and high alumina plastic refractories are
a) C 113 – 02

b) C 133 – 97

c) C 181 – 91

d) None of the above
67.
API 936, the standard test method for abrasion resistance of refractory materials at room temperature is
a) C 113 – 02

b) C 704 – 01

c) C 181 – 91

d) None of the above
68.
API 936 documentation should content
a) Execution details

b) Design details

c) Quality standards

d) All above
69.
Testing frequency for material qualification of refractory for erosion service requires
a) 1 sample per pallet or less from each production run

b) 1 sample per pallet or more from each production run

c) 2 samples per pallet or more from each production run

d) None of the above
70.
Testing frequency for material qualification of refractory for other services requires
a) 1 sample per pallet or less from each production run

b) 1 sample per 3 pallets or less from each production run

c) 1 sample per 3 pallets or more from each production run

d) None of the above
71.
Fiber concentrations typically range is
a) 1 – 4 wt percent

b) 1 – 3 wt percent

c) 1 – 2 wt percent

d) Any of the above
72.
For air-setting phosphate bonded, erosion-resistant refractories mixing, the mixer’s paddles, and bowls shall be
a) Aluminium

b) Steel

c) Carbon

d) None of the above
73.
Applicator qualification for plastic thick layer, the test panel with an applied lining thickness and anchorage shall be
a) 600mm x 300 mm (24” x 12”)

b) 300 x 300 mm

c) 500 x 500 mm

d) None of the above
74.
Applicator qualification for thin layer erosion resistant lining, each applicator shall pack a test panel of size.
a) 12” x 12” x ¾ or 1” (300 x 300 x 20 or 25mm)

b) 500 x 500 x 25mm

c) 450 x 450 x 50 mm

d) None of the above
75.
Refractory cast into a mock-up may be stripped and visually inspected after a minimum curing of
a) 8 hrs

b) 12 hrs

c) 16 hrs

d) 24 hrs
76.
Gunning test panels are constructed with removable backs as required for
a) laboratory test

b) visual inspection of the castable

c) physical property test

d) None of the above
77.
Test panels for pneumatic gunning are inclined above the horizontal at an angle of
a) 45˚

b) 30˚

c) 60˚

d) None of the above
78.
The standard size of a fabricated test panel for pneumatic gunning qualification is
a) (500 mm x 500 mm)

b) (600 mm x 600 mm) 24 “ x 24”

c) (700 mm x 700 mm)

d) None of the above
79.
The terminology for testing refractory that was sampled during installation in order to confirm that they meet specified physical property standards is called
a) As – installed testing

b) Physical property test

c) Both of the above

d) None of the above
80.
Arrange for testing at either an independent laboratory or the manufacturer’s plant is
a) Owner responsibility

b) Inspector responsibility

c) Contractor responsibility

d) Manufacturer responsibility
81.
The effective diameter of metal fiber is
a) 0.2 – 0.3mm

b) 0.3 – 0.6 mm

c) 0.4 – 0.8mm

d) None of the above
82.
The length of metal fiber is
a) 19mm or 25mm

b) 30 or 40mm

c) 10 or 15mm

d) None of the above
83.
Additives used to facilitate moisture removal of refractory linings during dry out are called
a) Metal fiber

b) Organic fiber

c) Mineral fiber

d) None of the above
84.
As installed testing is the terminology for testing refractory that was sampled during installation in order to confirm that they meet specified.
a) Physical property standards

b) Chemical property standards

c) Both as above

d) None of the above
85.
The surface of a refractory section not exposed to the source of heat
a) Hot face

b) Cold face

c) Smooth face

d) None of the above
86.
The surface of a refractory section exposed to the source of heat
a) hot face

b) cold face

c) smooth face

d) None of the above
87.
Heating the new refractory too rapidly will cause
a) Structural deterioration

b) Explosive spalling

c) Chemical attack

d) None of the above
88.
The loss of fragmented refractories from the face of the refractory structure, through cracking and rupturing which results in the exposure of the original inner portion of the refractory lining is called
a) Bypassing

b) Erosion

c) Spalling

d) Sheeting
89.
Spalling of layers from the hot surface of a refractory lining is called
a) Spalling

b) Sheeting

c) Crumbling

d) Erosion
90.
The application of monolithic refractories by means of air placement guns is
a) Gunning

b) Placing

c) Pouring

d) Casting
91.
Packing of chemical setting refractories should have mechanical protection by
a) Cardboard

b) Rigid plastic

c) Metal outside

d) Any of the above.
92.
Refractory packing requirements, the weight in the bag, shall not deviate by more than
a) ±1%

b) ± 2%

c) ± 3%

d) ± 4%
93.
Pre-turn around planning means
a) At least 6 months prior to the turnaround

b) At least 12 months prior to the turnaround

c) At least 8 months prior to the turnaround

d) Any of the above
94.
Refractories that are resistant to chemical attack by both acid and basic slags, refractories, or fluxes at high temperature is
a) Acid

b) Basic

c) Neutral

d) None of the above
95.
A refractory materials, stiffer than plastic, that cannot be extruded but has suitable properties to permit ramming into place to form a monolithic structure
a) Plastic refractory

b) Ramming mix

c) Monolithic refractory

d) None of the above
96.
A moldable refractory material that can be extruded and has a level of workability that permits it to be pounded into place to form a monolithic structure
a) Ramming mix

b) Plastic refractory

c) Monolithic refractory

d) None of the above
97.
The destructive chemical reaction between refractories and external agencies at high temperatures, resulting in the formation of a liquid is called
a) Slagging of refractories

b) Slumping of refractories

c) Dusting of refractories

d) None of the above
98.
The formation of slag takes place by chemical action and fusion at furnace operating temperature in the way of
a) In smelting operation, through the combination of a flux, such as limestone, with the gangue or waste portion of the ore

b) In the refining of metals by substances such as lime added for the purpose of affecting or aiding the refining

c) By chemical reaction between refractories and fluxing agents such as coal ash, or between two different types of refractories

d) All of the above
99.
A condition describing a refractory lining that is soft and friable
a) Bloating

b) Plunky

c) Slumping

d) None of the above
100.
The term that describes the condition of pre-set refractory in which gravitational forces cause it to lose its desired shaped is called
a) Bloating

b) Punky

c) Slumping

d) None of the above

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Brick, tile, fired shapes and fused cast shapes are

Forms (types) of refractory

Fused silica aggregate is used as a raw material in a castable providing

Materials having refractory properties which form a refractory body when bonded into a conglomerate mass by a matrix is called

For fire clay and some high alumina materials, the most commonly used index of refractoriness is known as:

In ceramics, the property of resistance to melting, softening, or deformation at high temperature is called.

Refractories chemically and physically stable at

Refractories means

The functions of refractories include resistance to other destructive influences such as abrasion, pressure, chemical attack, and or rapid changes in temperature is called.

Which function of refractories is to resist temperature?

Castable, gunning mixes, ramming mixes, plastics, and mortars are

Blanket, Module, Bulk paper, rope, and vacuum formed shaped are:

Based on-screen analysis, the size of Alumina – silicate aggregate in typical modern castable is

Based on screen analysis the fines (cement, fumed silica, fine alumina) in typical modern castable is

The most commonly used binder for refractory concrete is

A combination of refractory grain and suitable bonding agent that, after the addition of a proper liquid, is generally poured into place to form a refractory shape or structure which becomes rigid because of chemical action is called

Compositions of ground refractory materials develop a strong bond at air ambient temperatures by virtue of chemical reactions within the binder phase that is usually activated by water additions. These refractories include cement and phosphate bonded castables is called:

Compositions of ground refractory materials which require relatively high temperatures for the development of an adequate bond (commonly called the ceramic bond) is called

Alumina – silica refractories containing 45% or more alumina, materials used in their production include diaspore, bauxite, gibbsite, kyanite, sillimanite, alusite, and fused alumina (artificial corundum) is called

A high alumina mineral usually consists of rounded concretionary grains embedded in clay-like mass and is believed to consist essentially of alumina trihydrate (Al2O3 H2O) and alumina hydrate (Al2O3 H2O) in varying proportions is called

Commercially on calcined basis bauxite must contain at least

A natural or synthetic mineral theoretically consisting solely of alumina (Al2O3), specific gravity 4.00 – 4.02, melting point 3720˚ F. (2050˚ C) Hardness 8.8 is called

The selected compression test section of the specimen for the CCs test shall be free from

The test specimen of castable refractory for cold crushing strength shall be

In API RP 936, the referenced ASTM standard procedure for cold crushing strength and modulus of rupture is

Refractories whose major constituent is lime, magnesia, or both and which may react chemically with acid refractories, acid slags, or acid fluxes at a high temperature is known as

Refractories containing a substantial amount of silica which is reactive with basic refractories, basic slags, or basic fluxes at high temperatures are known as

Cristobalite is an important constituent of

A group of impure magnesium silicate minerals that occur in a fiberous form is known as

A group of rock minerals having nearly perfect cleavage in one direction and consisting of thin elastic plates and the most common varieties are muscovite and biotite is called

The air pressure to blast the 1000 g of size graded silicon carbide grain for abrasion resistance test should be

Mechanical wearing away of the surfaces of refractory bodies in service by washing action of moving liquid or gases is called

A separation between adjoining parts of a refractory lining that allows small expansive movements, such as those caused by thermal change is known as

The standard test method for abrasion resistance of refractory materials at room temperature is

As per ASTM C- 704, for the erosion tests, silicon carbide grit is to be used by

To compose a sample for the modulus of rupture test from an equivalent number of refractory shapes, the specimen should be

Modulus of rupture test for castable refractories, the test specimen shall be

For modules of rupture test of brick and shapes, the preferred test specimen shall be standard

To compose a sample for the CCS test from an equivalent number of refractory shapes the specimen should be

All the samples for the CCs test must be dried at 220 to 230˚C (105 to 110˚C) for

The property of matter by virtue of which heat energy is transmitted through particles in contact.

The increase in linear dimensions and volume which occurs when materials are heated and which is counterbalanced by contraction of equal amounts when the materials are cooled.

The exposure of a material or body to a rapid change in temperature which may have a deleterious effect

Refractory failure mechanisms are.

An internal component used for the separation of solids from flue or product gas in a fluid coking unit is called

Enclosure inside the top head of a reactor or regenerator vessel which supports the cyclones and in which gases exiting the cyclone outlets are collected is called

Section of transfer line in which flow is in an upward direction is called

A metallic anchor made from rod or bar stock that is configured in a V-shape is called

The color of stripe for Inconel 600 alloy material of metallic anchor is

A metallic anchor, usually V-stud which has a foot-shaped configuration at the base to aid weld attachment to the shell is called.

The vessel in which cracking reaction occurs or is completed and product gases are separated from coke and/or catalyst particulate is called

The color of stripe for 304L alloy material of metallic anchor is

The welding method utilizing an arc-welding machine in conjunction with a timer and a gun is called

1 solid black is the color of the stripe for the alloy material

Colour coding does not require for anchor alloy of

The most common sizes in thickness for hex mesh are

A typical example of hexalt anchor is

Hex mesh supplied in flexible rolls and ready fit to a curved surfaces is called

A metallic anchor used to attach ceramic anchors to the casing or shall of a processing unit is

Metallic anchor made from rod or bar and usually used for dual layer linings that are configured in

The vessel in which coke and residual hydrocarbons are burned off the catalyst and the flue gas is then separated from the catalyst is called

Section of transfer line in which flow is in a downward direction is called

Refractory lined pipe used for the transport of hot particulate medium and gases between process vessels is called

The vessel downstream of the reactor used to separate different product fractions is called

As per API recommended practice 936, the standard test method for reheat change of refractory brick is

API 936, the standard test method for the workability index of fire clay and high alumina plastic refractories are

API 936, the standard test method for abrasion resistance of refractory materials at room temperature is

API 936 documentation should content

Testing frequency for material qualification of refractory for erosion service requires

Testing frequency for material qualification of refractory for other services requires

Fiber concentrations typically range is

For air-setting phosphate bonded, erosion-resistant refractories mixing, the mixer’s paddles, and bowls shall be

Applicator qualification for plastic thick layer, the test panel with an applied lining thickness and anchorage shall be

Applicator qualification for thin layer erosion resistant lining, each applicator shall pack a test panel of size.

Refractory cast into a mock-up may be stripped and visually inspected after a minimum curing of

Gunning test panels are constructed with removable backs as required for

Test panels for pneumatic gunning are inclined above the horizontal at an angle of

The standard size of a fabricated test panel for pneumatic gunning qualification is

The terminology for testing refractory that was sampled during installation in order to confirm that they meet specified physical property standards is called

Arrange for testing at either an independent laboratory or the manufacturer’s plant is

A high alumina mineral usually consists of rounded concretionary grains embedded in clay-like mass and is believed to consist essentially of alumina trihydrate (Al₂O₃H₂O) and alumina hydrate (Al₂O₃H₂O) in varying proportions is called

A natural or synthetic mineral theoretically consisting solely of alumina (Al₂O₃), specific gravity 4.00 – 4.02, melting point 3720˚ F. (2050˚ C) Hardness 8.8 is called