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Chapter 1 Introduction to Pipeline Integrity:
What is the main focus of Chapter 1 of the PCIM Exam Book?

a) Pipeline construction

b) Pipeline materials

c) Pipeline corrosion

d) Pipeline safety

How does the ASME B31.8S define pipeline integrity?

a) It focuses on pipeline construction standards

b) It emphasizes pipeline safety and environmental protection

c) It deals with pipeline communication systems

d) It describes the pipeline’s physical properties

According to ASME B31.8S, what are the three significant pipeline threats?

a) Mechanical damage, improper operations, and weather-related issues

b) Internal corrosion, external corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking

c) Environmental impact, equipment failures, and construction defects

d) Financial risks, regulatory compliance, and technical failures

What is the primary driving force for corrosion in pipelines?

a) Environmental factors

b) Mechanical damage

c) Reaction with pipeline materials

d) Microbiological activities

What is the significance of a corrosion database in corrosion control programs?

a) It helps in identifying manufacturing defects

b) It provides data on third-party damage

c) It assists in monitoring and trend analysis

d) It determines the pipeline’s material properties

What percentage of the U.S. GDP is estimated to be the direct cost of corrosion?

a) 3.1%

b) 10%

c) 30%

d) 50%

What is the primary focus of the U.S. Department of Justice regarding pipeline operations?

a) Pipeline construction standards

b) Environmental protection and security

c) Cost reduction in pipeline maintenance

d) Inspection of pipeline materials

Which law expanded the scope of U.S. federal criminal law in environmental criminal cases, such as pipeline spills?

a) Sarbanes-Oxley Act

b) Environmental Protection Act

c) Clean Air Act

d) Pipeline Integrity Act

What are the two main categories of stable defects that could compromise pipeline integrity?

a) Manufacturing defects and weather-related defects

b) Mechanical damage and incorrect operational procedures

c) Internal corrosion and external corrosion

d) Equipment defects and third-party damage

10.

Which inspection method covers all 21 threats to pipeline integrity?

a) Hydrostatic testing

b) In-line inspection (ILI) tools

c) Visual inspection

d) Magnetic particle testing

11.

Chapter 2 Managing corrosion:
What is the primary reason for the aging and deterioration of buried pipelines?

a) Stress corrosion cracking

b) General corrosion

c) Microbiological influenced corrosion

d) Galvanic corrosion

12.

Which of the following is NOT one of the forms of corrosion discussed in Chapter 2?

a) Crevice corrosion

b) Hydrogen evolution

c) Pitting corrosion

d) Uniform corrosion

13.

Corrosion reactions in pipelines involve the transfer of charge between the metal and the electrolyte and are termed:

a) Electrothermal

b) Electrostatic

c) Electrochemical

d) Electromagnetic

14.

In an electrochemical corrosion cell, what occurs at the cathode?

a) Oxidation

b) Reduction

c) Loss of electrons

d) Gain of electrons

15.

What determines the direction of chemical and corrosion reactions?

a) Thermodynamics

b) Pressure

c) Temperature

d) Composition

16.

What is the term for the state of a metal surface characterized by low corrosion rates in an oxidizing region?

a) Passive

b) Active

c) Anodic

d) Cathodic

17.

When does galvanic corrosion occur?

a) When two metals are in contact

b) When two materials have similar electronegativity

c) When there is no oxygen present

d) When metals are in isolation

18.

Which of the following materials would typically act as the anode in galvanic corrosion?

a) The more noble material

b) The less noble material

c) Both materials equally

d) Neither material

19.

What can accelerate corrosion in a galvanic cell with a large cathode and a small anode?

a) Increased anode area

b) Decreased cathode area

c) Increased cathode area

d) Decreased anode area

20.

Which type of corrosion results from the metabolic products of microorganisms such as bacteria?

a) Pitting corrosion

b) Uniform corrosion

c) Microbiological influenced corrosion (MIC)

d) Galvanic corrosion

21.

Chapter 3: Regulations
When was the Pipeline Safety Act enacted?

a) 1950

b) 1968

c) 1975

d) 2001

22.

Which organization developed the standard “External Corrosion Control for Underground and Submerged Piping Systems” in 1969?

a) NACE

b) ASME

c) API

d) AGA

23.

Which government agency oversees federal pipeline safety regulations?

a) EPA

b) FERC

c) TSA

d) OPS (Office of Pipeline Safety)

24.

What are the fundamental objectives of U.S. pipeline regulations according to the Department of Transportation (DOT)?

a) Minimize cost to the industry

b) Minimize economic and social disruption

c) Provide safety for workers and the public

d) All of the above

25.

Which agency specializes in investigating transportation incidents, including pipeline incidents?

a) EPA

b) FERC

c) NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board)

d) TSA

26.

Which agency is responsible for enforcing workplace safety and health regulations for U.S. workers?

a) EPA

b) OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

c) DOT

d) FERC

27.

Which type of pipeline is defined as a pipeline with a nominal outside diameter of 219.1mm or less that transports petroleum from a production facility?

a) Intrastate pipeline

b) Gathering line

c) Interstate pipeline

d) Production facility pipeline

28.

What is the main purpose of a breakout tank in a pipeline system?

a) To store hazardous liquids for an extended period

b) To relieve surges in a hazardous liquid pipeline system

c) To transport hazardous liquids between facilities

d) To inject carbon dioxide for recovery operations

29.

What is the definition of a “Highly volatile liquid or HVL” in pipeline regulations?

a) A hazardous liquid with low vapor pressure

b) A hazardous liquid that will not form a vapor cloud when released to the atmosphere

c) A hazardous liquid with vapor pressure exceeding 276 kPa (40 psi) at 37.8°C (100°F)

d) A hazardous liquid with low toxicity

30.

What is the definition of “Nominal wall thickness” in pipeline regulations?

a) The thickness of the pipeline wall

b) The wall thickness is listed in the pipe specifications

c) The minimum allowable wall thickness

d) The wall thickness after corrosion

31.

Chapter 4: Standards
Which primary standard applies to onshore pipeline systems constructed with ferrous materials that transport gas?

a) API 1160

b) NACE SP0204

c) ASME B31.8S

d) CSA Z662

32.

What is the primary focus of ASME B31.8S?

a) Managing hazardous liquid pipelines

b) Managing system integrity of gas pipelines

c) Managing system integrity of oil pipelines

d) Managing offshore pipelines

33.

In ASME B31.8S, what is the “radius of impact” for a natural gas line defined as?

a) 0.5 x d x p^0.5

b) 0.69 x d x p^0.5

c) 1.0 x d x p^0.5

d) 2.0 x d x p^0.5

34.

Which standard provides guidelines for managing system integrity for hazardous liquid pipelines?

a) API 1160

b) NACE SP0204

c) ASME B31.8S

d) CSA Z662

35.

What are High Consequence Areas (HCAs) defined as in the context of pipeline integrity management?

a) Areas with low population density

b) Areas with high population density

c) Areas with no pipeline crossings

d) Areas with low environmental sensitivity

36.

Which step involves developing a plan to address the most significant risks and determine the integrity of the pipeline in high-risk areas?

a) Initial data gathering and integration

b) Initial risk assessment

c) Development of baseline assessment plan

d) Inspection and mitigation

37.

What is the primary purpose of continuous feedback and updating of information in the integrity management process?

a) To reduce data collection costs

b) To simplify the process

c) To maintain an effective integrity management program

d) To eliminate the need for risk assessments

38.

What is the key factor to consider when conducting a risk assessment according to API 1160?

a) Environmental impact

b) Age of the pipeline

c) Likelihood and consequences of a release

d) Length of the pipeline

39.

What is the primary focus of managing change in pipeline integrity management?

a) To prevent any changes to the pipeline

b) To incorporate design, operation, and maintenance information

c) To stop all pipeline operations

d) To increase the frequency of inspections

40.

Which organization developed the standard ASME B31.8S?

a) NACE International

b) Canadian Standards Association

c) American Society of Mechanical Engineers

d) American Petroleum Institute

41.

Chapter 5: Data Collection, Verification, and Integration:
What is one of the basic requirements of an integrity management program?

a) Risk assessment

b) Data integration

c) Regulatory compliance

d) Pipeline construction

42.

Which regulations are commonly referred to as “high consequence areas” or HCA regulations?

a) Hazardous waste regulations

b) Pipeline safety regulations

c) Environmental impact regulations

d) Occupational safety regulations

43.

What does data integration involve in the context of pipeline integrity management?

a) Analyzing financial data

b) Correlating integrity information

c) Combining data from marketing campaigns

d) Summarizing employee performance

44.

What is one of the fundamental requirements of a pipeline integrity program according to HCA regulations?

a) Daily inspections

b) Annual pressure tests

c) Data integration

d) Quarterly reports

45.

Which method is the method of choice when data for integrity management is insufficient or of poor quality?

a) Performance-Based method

b) Regulatory-based method

c) Prescriptive method

d) Reactive method

46.

What is the primary purpose of in-line electronic inspection results?

a) To calculate the pipeline’s age

b) To document daily operation records

c) To identify the location of defects in the pipe

d) To measure the pressure at each pump station

47.

Which records are indicative of the overall condition of the pipeline cathodic protection system?

a) Pressure test records

b) In-line inspection records

c) Line flyer and encroachment reports

d) Pipe-to-soil potential records

48.

What is the primary function of an In-Line Inspection (ILI)?

a) To calculate the pipeline’s maximum operating pressure

b) To identify, locate, and measure defects in the pipe

c) To monitor daily pipeline operation

d) To assess the pipeline’s historical data

49.

Which assessment method is used to identify and address external corrosion in a pipeline system?

a) Hydrostatic pressure testing

b) In-Line Inspection (ILI)

c) External Corrosion Direct Assessment (ECDA)

d) Rectifier survey

50.

What is risk assessment?

A) The measurement of pipeline length

B) An analytical process for evaluating pipeline corrosion

C) A systematic process for identifying, analyzing, and mitigating risks

D) The assessment of environmental damage

51.

Chapter 6: Risk Assessment:
Which type of software is usually developed by operator personnel to perform specific tasks in pipeline integrity management?

a) Spreadsheet software

b) Database software

c) Geographic information system (GIS) software

d) Custom computer software

52.

What does risk in the context of pipeline integrity include?

A) The cost of pipeline construction

B) The probability of an event’s occurrence and its consequences

C) The length of the pipeline

D) The pipeline’s diameter

53.

What is the formula for calculating risk when probability and consequence are expressed numerically?

A) Risk = P1 + C1

B) Risk = P1 – C1

C) Risk = P1 x C1

D) Risk = P1 / C1

54.

What information sources can be used for risk assessment?

A) Historical data, theoretical analysis, and informed opinions

B) Only historical data

C) Only theoretical analysis

D) Stakeholder opinions

55.

In pipeline integrity, what does risk assessment primarily address?

A) Material selection

B) Environmental factors

C) Hazards, consequences, and probability

D) Regulatory compliance

56.

What is the highest priority given to risk assessment principles?

A) Stakeholder concerns

B) Pipeline length

C) Locations with the greatest combination of probability and consequence

D) Environmental impact

57.

What is the primary goal of risk assessment in pipeline integrity management?

A) Regulatory compliance

B) Identifying hazards

C) Minimizing recurring pipeline failures

D) Pipeline construction

58.

What is relative risk used for in pipeline integrity management?

A) Comparing pipeline lengths

B) Ranking pipeline segments for integrity assessment

C) Determining pipeline construction costs

D) Assessing environmental impact

59.

What is essential for a successful risk assessment?

A) Sound construction philosophy

B) High pipeline pressure

C) Frequent inspection intervals

D) Ignoring historical data

60.

Chapter 7: Integrity Verification/ Assessment:
What does the ISO risk line represent in pipeline risk assessment?

a) A line of constant risk

b) A specific risk assessment method

c) A regulatory body for pipeline safety

d) An international standard for pipelines

61.

What are the primary methods used for pipeline integrity assessment?

a) In-line inspection, excavation, and ultrasonic testing

b) In-line inspection, pressure testing, and direct assessment

c) Hydrostatic testing, ultrasonic testing, and magnetic-flux leakage

d) Visual inspection, corrosion monitoring, and leak detection

62.

In the context of pipeline integrity, what does ILI stand for?

a) Internal Line Inspection

b) In-Line Inspection

c) Inspection of Linear Integrity

d) Integrity Line Inspection

63.

What are “smart pigs” commonly used for in pipeline inspection?

a) Cleaning the pipeline interior

b) Measuring pipeline curvature

c) Detecting pipeline leaks

d) Assessing external corrosion

64.

Which of the following is not a typical service provided by smart pigs during pipeline inspection?

a) Product sampling

b) Crack detection

c) Valve maintenance

d) Corrosion detection

65.

What does MFL stand for in the context of pipeline inspection?

a) Magnetic-Flux Leakage

b) Maximum Fluid Level

c) Material Fatigue Limit

d) Multiple Flaw Locator

66.

Which tool is most commonly used for in-line inspection (ILI) in pipelines?

a) Geometry pigs

b) Magnetic-flux leakage tools

c) Ultrasonic testing tools

d) Spherical pigs

67.

Which type of tool is suitable for identifying changes in the bore of a pipeline, including dents and deformations?

a) Geometry pigs

b) Magnetic-flux leakage tools

c) Ultrasonic testing tools

d) Spherical pigs

68.

In gas pipelines, what is typically used as a coupling medium for ultrasonic tools?

a) Oil

b) Water

c) Gas

d) Air

69.

What is the primary purpose of a pig trap in pipeline maintenance?

a) To remove pigs from the pipeline

b) To launch pigs into the pipeline

c) To inspect the pipeline exterior

d) To maintain line efficiency

70.

Chapter 8: Technical Challenges to Pipeline Integrity
In SCCDA, which tool is primarily used to detect cracks during direct examination?

a. Ultrasonic inspection

b. Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL)

c. Flow modeling for corrosion prediction

d. Radiographic Inspection Technique

71.

What are the primary technical challenges faced by the pipeline industry?

a) Economic challenges

b) Material properties and defects

c) Regulatory challenges

d) Geographic challenges

72.

Which material was used for pipe manufacturing before modern steel dominated?

a) Aluminum

b) Wrought iron

c) Copper

d) PVC

73.

What is the primary reason wrought iron pipe is no longer used for manufacturing pipes?

a) It is too expensive

b) It lacks corrosion resistance

c) It is too heavy

d) It is not readily available

74.

What does SMYS stand for in the pipeline industry?

a) Superior Manufacturing Yield Strength

b) Standard Material Yield Specification

c) Specified Minimum Yield Strength

d) Steel Manufacturing Yield Standard

75.

Which direction of stress is frequently an integrity issue for steel pipes in typical service?

a) Axial

b) Lateral

c) Torsional

d) Radial

76.

Which type of defect is caused by the expansion of trapped gas within the steel?

a) Laminations

b) Inclusions

c) Blisters

d) Scabs

77.

When did the manufacture of modern seamless pipes begin?

a) 1812

b) 1920s

c) 1950s

d) 1970

78.

What is the primary advantage of seamless pipes over welded pipes?

a) Lower cost

b) Better corrosion resistance

c) Higher strength and reliability

d) Easier manufacturing process

79.

What welding technique is used for submerged arc welding in pipe manufacture?

a) TIG welding

b) MIG welding

c) Stick welding

d) Flux-cored arc welding

80.

Chapter 9: Remediation Activity/ Repair Methods:
What is one method to mitigate the threat of SCC?

a. Lowering the temperature

b. Increasing pressure fluctuations

c. Installing additional coatings

d. Maintaining a pipe potential more negative than -850 mV

81.

When is the discovery of anomalies considered to have occurred?

a) Within 365 days of an integrity assessment

b) Within 90 days of an integrity assessment

c) Within 180 days of an integrity assessment

d) Within 30 days of an integrity assessment

82.

What term describes an irregularity detected by NDE but has yet to fail an appropriate assessment code or method?

a) Defect

b) Fitness For Purpose

c) Anomaly

d) Integrity Threat

83.

In what situations should pipeline repair and remediation be considered?

a) When any anomaly is detected

b) When defects are discovered that could compromise pipeline integrity

c) When any integrity assessment information is received

d) When the pipeline is more than 10 years old

84.

What should be determined before making pipeline repairs while the pipeline remains in service?

a) Whether the pipeline is under warranty

b) If the repair can be made without excavation

c) The degree of pressure reduction required before excavation

d) The cost of the repair

85.

What is essential in choosing the appropriate repair procedure for an anomaly or defect?

a) The availability of spare parts

b) Gathering critical information on the pipeline

c) The age of the pipeline

d) The operator’s experience

86.

Which method can be used to inspect for cracking if there is a concern about possible stress corrosion cracking (SCC)?

a) Magnetic particle testing

b) Visual inspection

c) Ultrasonic testing

d) Radiographic testing

87.

When can a defect be characterized as “corrosion or general metal loss”?

a) If it has sharp defective edges

b) If it is located in the longitudinal seam

c) If it involves stress concentrators

d) If it results in a measurable reduction in wall thickness

88.

What kind of defect could result from the mechanical removal of metal and may act as a stress concentrator?

a) Corrosion

b) Pitting

c) Gouges and grooves

d) Laminations

89.

What should be considered when evaluating the survivability impact of a dent?

a) The dent’s depth in relation to the nominal wall thickness

b) The dent’s location in relation to the pipeline’s length

c) The dent’s color

d) The dent’s shape

90.

Which of the following is NOT a condition under which dents should be removed or repaired?

a) All dents exceeding ¼ inch (6mm) in pipe NPS 4 or smaller

b) A dent exceeding 6% of the nominal diameter in sizes greater than NPS 4

c) All dents containing external corrosion

d) All dents without stress concentrators

91.

Which assessment code or method is used for defects characterized as stress corrosion cracking (SCC)?

a) ASME B31G

b) Simplified RSTRENG

c) LAPA RSTRENG

d) None of the above

92.

What type of defect is a discontinuity or imperfection of sufficient magnitude to warrant rejection on the basis of an Integrity Standard, assessment code, or method?

a) Anomaly

b) Gouge

c) Defect

d) Corrosion

93.

What should be the operator’s next step after discovering an anomaly or defect?

a) Immediately shut down the pipeline

b) Consider safety and environmental issues

c) Ignore the issue until the next inspection

d) Repair the anomaly or defect

94.

What must be done if a pipeline has corrosion damage in the longitudinal seam?

a) Nothing, as it is not a concern

b) Repair it with the available patch kit

c) Replace the affected segment

d) Reduce the pressure immediately

95.

What is the term for a depression that produces a disturbance in the curvature of the pipe wall without reducing the pipe wall thickness?

a) Scratch

b) Gouge

c) Groove

d) Dent

96.

When are dents exceeding ¼ inch (6mm) in pipe NPS 4 or smaller typically required to be removed or repaired?

a) Always

b) Only if they contain external corrosion

c) Only if they affect the curvature of the pipe at the seam

d) Only if they are located at girth welds

97.

What should be considered when characterizing defects?

a) The color of the defect

b) The number of defects present

c) Both the extent and characteristics of the defect

d) The age of the pipeline

98.

Which document provides appropriate methods for evaluating corrosion or general metal loss?

a) ASME B31.4

b) LAPA RSTRENG

c) Pipeline Corrosion Integrity Management Course Manual

d) Company-specific guidelines

99.

What can sharp edges, scratches, gouges, grooves, or mill pits act as in the context of pipeline defects?

a) Stress concentrators

b) Lubricants

c) Insulation

d) None of the above

100.

Chapter 10: Inspection and Assessment Intervals
What is the main consideration in establishing appropriate assessment intervals between inspections for pipelines?

a) Defect size

b) Stress levels

c) Defect growth rates

d) All of the above

101.

Which of the following is NOT a typical defect characterization?

a) Crevice corrosion

b) Laminations

c) Stress corrosion cracking

d) General corrosion

102.

What is the remaining life of a pipeline in the post-assessment phase of an ECDA project?

a) The time until the next inspection

b) The time until the most severe remaining corrosion anomaly grows to leakage or failure

c) The time until the pipeline is replaced

d) The time until the next maintenance action

103.

According to US Pipeline Safety regulations for natural gas pipelines, what is the maximum reassessment interval?

a) One-year

b) Half of the shortest remaining life calculated

c) Five years

d) It varies depending on the pipeline material

104.

Which equation is used to calculate the time until failure (TF) due to corrosion?

a) TF = C x SM x t / GR

b) TF = (t – d) / GR

c) TF = C x SM x t – GR

d) TF = C x SM / GR

105.

What is the default corrosion growth rate used for external corrosion on pipelines according to GRI04/0093.6?

a) 0.4 mm/year

b) 2 mpy

c) 16 mpy

d) 40 mpy

106.

When calculating corrosion rates for internal corrosion in pipelines, what factors are considered?

a) Pipe material and diameter

b) Temperature and pressure

c) Weight loss and area

d) All of the above

107.

Which of the following is a cost-effective monitoring system for internal corrosion trending in pipelines?

a) Weight-loss corrosion coupons

b) Radiography

c) Ultrasonic methods

d) All of the above

108.

What is the equation for calculating corrosion rates (CR) from weight loss measurements?

a) CR = (weight loss in grams) x 22,300 / (area in square inch) x (metal density in grams/cm³)

b) CR = (weight loss in grams) x (metal density in grams/cm³) / (area in square inch)

c) CR = (area in square inch) x (metal density in grams/cm³) / (weight loss in grams)

d) CR = (22,300) / (area in square inch) x (metal density in grams/cm³) / (weight loss in grams)

109.

What is Uhlig’s default corrosion rate for steel in soil?

a) 1 mpy

b) 16 mpy

c) 40 mpy

d) 0.4 mm/year

110.

Chapter 11: Post-Integrity Assessment Risk Analysis
What is the primary purpose of radiography testing in pipeline corrosion assessment?

a) To measure wall thickness changes before damage occurs

b) To assess the presence of microbial communities

c) To identify locations for excavation

d) To measure wall thickness changes after damage has occurred

111.

What is the primary focus of Chapter 11: Post Integrity Assessment Risk Analysis?

a) Pipeline construction techniques

b) Quantitative risk assessment

c) Risk-based inspection

d) Changes triggering risk re-assessments

112.

What types of changes could trigger the need for post-integrity-assessment risk analysis?

a) Changes in pipeline diameter

b) Changes in product values

c) Changes in safety regulations

d) All of the above

113.

What is the purpose of conducting a post-integrity-assessment risk analysis in response to changes due to remediation?

a) To calculate the initial risk

b) To estimate the remaining pipeline life

c) To assess the safety impact of the changes

d) To determine if the residual risk is as low as reasonably practicable

114.

What kind of data should be integrated into risk assessment plans for successful data integration?

a) Data related to financial transactions

b) Data from integrity assessment methods

c) Data on employee attendance

d) Data on marketing strategies

115.

According to API 1160-2001, what should the operator periodically review and alter as needed?

a) The pipeline construction schedule

b) The integrity management program schedule

c) The pipeline material-selection strategy

d) The pipeline maintenance procedures

116.

Why is data validation important before integrating it into any database or integrity management plan?

a) To ensure the data is accurate and reliable

b) To speed up the integration process

c) To avoid data collection

d) To prioritize anomalies

117.

What is the purpose of a data management system (an electronic database) in PCIM?

a) To store only financial data

b) To make data integration difficult

c) To integrate a substantial amount of data from various sources

d) To prioritize anomalies

118.

Which of the following is an example of key integrity conclusions that should be integrated for risk re-assessment?

a) Employee attendance records

b) Weather forecasts

c) Rates of degradation of the pipeline/segment

d) Customer complaints

119.

What is the main benefit of integrating data from direct examination phases of various direct assessment methods (ICDA, ECDA, SCCDA)?

a) It simplifies the inspection requirements for each method

b) It increases the number of anomalies identified

c) It reduces the overall cost of integrity assessment

d) It contributes more greatly to overall risk assessment plans

120.

Chapter 12: Integrity Management Plan
Why is flexibility considered the key to successful data integration in PCIM?

a) To avoid making changes to the pipeline system

b) To accommodate changes in pipeline systems, regulations, and technology

c) To reduce the need for risk re-assessment

d) To prioritize anomalies more effectively

121.

What is the primary purpose of an Integrity Management Plan (IMP)?

a) To generate more revenue for the pipeline operator

b) To ensure public access to pipeline facilities

c) To develop new pipeline construction projects

d) To maintain the integrity and safety of the pipeline system

122.

What does an Integrity Management Plan (IMP) require in terms of documentation?

a) Minimal documentation to reduce paperwork

b) Comprehensive documentation to meet regulatory requirements

c) No documentation is required for an IMP

d) Documentation is only for internal use within the pipeline company

123.

Why is proper approval and communication of integrity management concepts important?

a) To create confusion within the pipeline company

b) To limit the sharing of information

c) To ensure alignment with company-wide procedures and policies

d) To keep the information confidential

124.

What does a prescriptive-based Integrity Management Plan rely on to prioritize risk?

a) Quantitative probability and consequence analyses

b) Qualitative assessments without data

c) Regulatory mandates only

d) Market trends and consumer demand

125.

What is the main difference between a prescriptive-based plan and a performance-based plan?

a) Prescriptive plans require more data and analysis

b) Performance-based plans rely on regulatory mandates

c) Prescriptive plans are less detailed

d) Performance-based plans do not require any data analysis

126.

What does the Management of Change (MOC) process address?

a) Changes to pipeline systems but not facilities

b) Changes that do not impact pipeline integrity

c) Identification, evaluation, and impact assessment of all changes

d) Changes that are not related to safety

127.

Which personnel are typically involved in prescriptive-based risk assessment?

a) External consultants only

b) Pipeline operators only

c) Subject matter experts (SMEs)

d) Regulatory authorities only

128.

What is the primary goal of the Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) plan?

a) To reduce the cost of pipeline maintenance

b) To ensure compliance with Integrity Management Program (IMP) requirements

c) To streamline communication within the pipeline company

d) To eliminate all third-party audits

129.

What are some components that should be included in the Communication Plan?

a) Emergency response procedures

b) Pipeline product specifications

c) Pipeline inspection schedules

d) Internal audit reports

130.

Chapter 13: Management Perspectives
What is the purpose of the Abbreviations and Acronyms section in the Glossary of an IMP?

a) To list the names of all pipeline operators

b) To provide explanations for common industry terms

c) To include the names of all pipeline integrity experts

d) To detail the history of the pipeline industry

131.

What is the primary responsibility of corporate officers and the board of directors in Pipeline Integrity Management?

a. Ensuring high profitability

b. Complying with government regulations

c. Operating the company in the best interest of stakeholders

d. Reducing pipeline maintenance costs

132.

Why is pipeline integrity management crucial in today’s environment?

a. To increase shareholder value

b. To reduce pipeline construction costs

c. To address health, safety, and environmental concerns

d. To avoid government regulations

133.

What government agency has increased environmental protection scrutiny of the pipeline industry?

a. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

b. FDA (Food and Drug Administration)

c. DHS (Department of Homeland Security)

d. U.S. Department of Justice

134.

In the event of a pipeline leakage, who may be held criminally responsible, according to government regulations?

a. Only corporate executives

b. Only non-management technical personnel

c. Both corporate executives and non-management technical personnel

d. Government inspectors

135.

What is NOT considered one of the costs associated with a pipeline incident?

a. Lost revenue from pipeline operations

b. Public liability and increased insurance costs

c. Decreased regulatory scrutiny

d. Civil and possibly criminal penalties

136.

In the case study of DG-ICDA, what does DG-ICDA stand for?

a. Department of Gas Inspection and Assessment

b. Dry-Gas Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment

c. Dangerous Gas Inspection and Detection Analysis

d. Direct Gas Corrosion Assessment

137.

What was the objective of the DG-ICDA study mentioned in the case study?

a. To analyze external corrosion threats

b. To investigate external coating methods

c. To assess internal corrosion using DG-ICDA

d. To study the effects of chemical inhibitors on pipelines

138.

In the DG-ICDA case study, what type of gas was the pipeline carrying?

a. Natural gas with high carbon dioxide content

b. Wet gas with high hydrogen sulfide content

c. Dry, natural gas with low carbon dioxide content

d. Liquid petroleum gas (LPG)

139.

What is the significance of the critical angles calculated in DG-ICDA indirect inspection?

a. They determine the pipe’s depth of cover

b. They affect the pipeline’s flow rate

c. They indicate potential areas of internal corrosion

d. They assess external coating conditions

Question 1 of 139

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Chapter 1: Introduction to Pipeline Integrity
Chapter 2: Managing Corrosion
Chapter 3: Regulations
Chapter 4: Standards
Chapter 5: Data Collection, Verification, and Integration
Chapter 6: Risk Assessment
Chapter 7: Integrity Verification and Assessment
Chapter 8: Technical Challenges to Pipeline Integrity
Chapter 9: Remediation Activity and Repair Methods
Chapter 10: Inspection and Assessment Intervals
Chapter 11: Post-Integrity Assessment Risk Analysis
Chapter 12: Integrity Management Plan
Chapter 13: Management Perspectives

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Exam Name: Pipeline Corrosion Integrity Management (PCIM) Exam
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Number of Questions: 50
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Open-book Exam: The PCIM Course Manual is provided in electronic form during the exam

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Cathodic Protection 2 – Technician
Coatings in Conjunction with Cathodic Protection
CIP Level 2 (all recommended, not required)

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Pipeline Integrity: What is the main focus of Chapter 1 of the PCIM Exam Book?

How does the ASME B31.8S define pipeline integrity?

According to ASME B31.8S, what are the three significant pipeline threats?

What is the primary driving force for corrosion in pipelines?

What is the significance of a corrosion database in corrosion control programs?

What percentage of the U.S. GDP is estimated to be the direct cost of corrosion?

What is the primary focus of the U.S. Department of Justice regarding pipeline operations?

Which law expanded the scope of U.S. federal criminal law in environmental criminal cases, such as pipeline spills?

What are the two main categories of stable defects that could compromise pipeline integrity?

Which inspection method covers all 21 threats to pipeline integrity?

Chapter 2 Managing corrosion: What is the primary reason for the aging and deterioration of buried pipelines?

Which of the following is NOT one of the forms of corrosion discussed in Chapter 2?

Corrosion reactions in pipelines involve the transfer of charge between the metal and the electrolyte and are termed:

In an electrochemical corrosion cell, what occurs at the cathode?

What determines the direction of chemical and corrosion reactions?

What is the term for the state of a metal surface characterized by low corrosion rates in an oxidizing region?

When does galvanic corrosion occur?

Which of the following materials would typically act as the anode in galvanic corrosion?

What can accelerate corrosion in a galvanic cell with a large cathode and a small anode?

Which type of corrosion results from the metabolic products of microorganisms such as bacteria?

Chapter 3: Regulations When was the Pipeline Safety Act enacted?

Which organization developed the standard “External Corrosion Control for Underground and Submerged Piping Systems” in 1969?

Which government agency oversees federal pipeline safety regulations?

What are the fundamental objectives of U.S. pipeline regulations according to the Department of Transportation (DOT)?

Which agency specializes in investigating transportation incidents, including pipeline incidents?

Which agency is responsible for enforcing workplace safety and health regulations for U.S. workers?

Which type of pipeline is defined as a pipeline with a nominal outside diameter of 219.1mm or less that transports petroleum from a production facility?

What is the main purpose of a breakout tank in a pipeline system?

What is the definition of a “Highly volatile liquid or HVL” in pipeline regulations?

What is the definition of “Nominal wall thickness” in pipeline regulations?

Chapter 4: Standards Which primary standard applies to onshore pipeline systems constructed with ferrous materials that transport gas?

What is the primary focus of ASME B31.8S?

In ASME B31.8S, what is the “radius of impact” for a natural gas line defined as?

Which standard provides guidelines for managing system integrity for hazardous liquid pipelines?

What are High Consequence Areas (HCAs) defined as in the context of pipeline integrity management?

Which step involves developing a plan to address the most significant risks and determine the integrity of the pipeline in high-risk areas?

What is the primary purpose of continuous feedback and updating of information in the integrity management process?

What is the key factor to consider when conducting a risk assessment according to API 1160?

What is the primary focus of managing change in pipeline integrity management?

Which organization developed the standard ASME B31.8S?

Chapter 5: Data Collection, Verification, and Integration: What is one of the basic requirements of an integrity management program?

Which regulations are commonly referred to as “high consequence areas” or HCA regulations?

What does data integration involve in the context of pipeline integrity management?

What is one of the fundamental requirements of a pipeline integrity program according to HCA regulations?

Which method is the method of choice when data for integrity management is insufficient or of poor quality?

What is the primary purpose of in-line electronic inspection results?

Which records are indicative of the overall condition of the pipeline cathodic protection system?

What is the primary function of an In-Line Inspection (ILI)?

Which assessment method is used to identify and address external corrosion in a pipeline system?

What is risk assessment?

Chapter 6: Risk Assessment: Which type of software is usually developed by operator personnel to perform specific tasks in pipeline integrity management?

What does risk in the context of pipeline integrity include?

What is the formula for calculating risk when probability and consequence are expressed numerically?

What information sources can be used for risk assessment?

In pipeline integrity, what does risk assessment primarily address?

What is the highest priority given to risk assessment principles?

What is the primary goal of risk assessment in pipeline integrity management?

What is relative risk used for in pipeline integrity management?

What is essential for a successful risk assessment?

Chapter 7: Integrity Verification/ Assessment: What does the ISO risk line represent in pipeline risk assessment?

What are the primary methods used for pipeline integrity assessment?

In the context of pipeline integrity, what does ILI stand for?

What are “smart pigs” commonly used for in pipeline inspection?

Which of the following is not a typical service provided by smart pigs during pipeline inspection?

What does MFL stand for in the context of pipeline inspection?

Which tool is most commonly used for in-line inspection (ILI) in pipelines?

Which type of tool is suitable for identifying changes in the bore of a pipeline, including dents and deformations?

In gas pipelines, what is typically used as a coupling medium for ultrasonic tools?

What is the primary purpose of a pig trap in pipeline maintenance?

Chapter 8: Technical Challenges to Pipeline Integrity In SCCDA, which tool is primarily used to detect cracks during direct examination?

What are the primary technical challenges faced by the pipeline industry?

Which material was used for pipe manufacturing before modern steel dominated?

What is the primary reason wrought iron pipe is no longer used for manufacturing pipes?

What does SMYS stand for in the pipeline industry?

Which direction of stress is frequently an integrity issue for steel pipes in typical service?

Which type of defect is caused by the expansion of trapped gas within the steel?

When did the manufacture of modern seamless pipes begin?

What is the primary advantage of seamless pipes over welded pipes?

What welding technique is used for submerged arc welding in pipe manufacture?

Chapter 9: Remediation Activity/ Repair Methods: What is one method to mitigate the threat of SCC?

Chapter 1 Introduction to Pipeline Integrity:
What is the main focus of Chapter 1 of the PCIM Exam Book?

Chapter 2 Managing corrosion:
What is the primary reason for the aging and deterioration of buried pipelines?

Chapter 3: Regulations
When was the Pipeline Safety Act enacted?

Chapter 4: Standards
Which primary standard applies to onshore pipeline systems constructed with ferrous materials that transport gas?

Chapter 5: Data Collection, Verification, and Integration:
What is one of the basic requirements of an integrity management program?

Chapter 6: Risk Assessment:
Which type of software is usually developed by operator personnel to perform specific tasks in pipeline integrity management?

Chapter 7: Integrity Verification/ Assessment:
What does the ISO risk line represent in pipeline risk assessment?

Chapter 8: Technical Challenges to Pipeline Integrity
In SCCDA, which tool is primarily used to detect cracks during direct examination?

Chapter 9: Remediation Activity/ Repair Methods:
What is one method to mitigate the threat of SCC?

Chapter 10: Inspection and Assessment Intervals
What is the main consideration in establishing appropriate assessment intervals between inspections for pipelines?

Chapter 11: Post-Integrity Assessment Risk Analysis
What is the primary purpose of radiography testing in pipeline corrosion assessment?

Chapter 12: Integrity Management Plan
Why is flexibility considered the key to successful data integration in PCIM?

Chapter 13: Management Perspectives
What is the purpose of the Abbreviations and Acronyms section in the Glossary of an IMP?